Afghanistan continues to struggle as a state due to the many contending ethnic, religious and regional rivalries. Regional commanders, the illegal drugs trade and the continuing Taleban insurgency hamper the rule of law, development and aid efforts.
Millions of people have left their homes to flee conflicts and natural disasters in recent years. Since 2002, the UN-backed voluntary repatriation programme has helped more than 3,725,000 people return from abroad, mainly from Pakistan and Iran.
Thousands have been internally displaced, especially in the south as a result of the insurgency - which has intensified since 2006.
In 2006, more than 3,000 Afghans died in the violence, twice as many as in 2005 and more than in any other year since the 2001 fall of the Taleban, says Human Rights Watch.
Years of conflict and population movement make any census difficult.
Recent estimates suggest Pashtuns comprise nearly half the population. Tajiks form the second largest group, followed by Uzbeks and Hazaras.
About 99% of Afghans are Muslim - more than three-quarters of them Sunni.
(more from the BBC)
Quick guide: Afghanistan
Afghanistan is strategically placed between the Middle East, central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. For centuries, foreign armies have fought over it and tried to conquer it.
Many have been defeated by the rugged terrain - mountains cover four-fifths of the land - and fierce resistance from the different tribal groups.
WHAT IS A QUICK GUIDE?
Quick guides are concise explanations of topics or issues in the news.
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Ethnic, religious and regional rivalries and the terrain have also made it hard for the authorities in the capital, Kabul, to rule the country.
Soviet invasion
The overthrow of Afghanistan’s King Zahir Shah in 1973 sparked a chain of events that led to decades of unrest. Reforms imposed by a Moscow-backed regime sparked rebellions and, in 1979, Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan.
Map of Afghanistan
US-backed Islamic fighters known as mujahideen - among them Osama Bin Laden - fought the Soviets and the country became a Cold War battleground.
In 1989, the USSR withdrew in defeat, leaving behind a devastated country and hundreds of thousands of dead Afghans.
Rise of the Taleban
After the Soviet forces left, a number of Afghan factions continued to fight for control of the country. In 1994, the hard-line Islamic Taleban emerged. By the late 1990s, they controlled most of Afghanistan with their strict version of Sharia law.
The Taleban angered the international community by letting Osama Bin Laden, and other al-Qaeda members, live there.
In 2001, after the 9/11 attacks on the US, the Taleban refused to hand him over, paving the way for a new war.
US-led war
In October 2001, the US and its allies launched a bombing campaign against the Taleban marking the beginning of America’s “war on terror”. Within weeks, US-led troops and local fighters forced the Taleban from Kabul and drove them from power.
But Taleban leader Mullah Omar and Osama Bin Laden evaded capture and are thought to have survived the offensive.
Several thousand US troops remain in Afghanistan hunting Taleban supporters who have regrouped since 2003.
Rebuilding the country
Years of fighting have left Afghanistan in ruins - it is one of the poorest countries in the world. International donors have pledged more than $10bn, but the government says it needs more.
In 2004 a constitution was signed and Hamid Karzai won the country’s first direct presidential elections.
In 2005 national assembly elections were held.
Uncertain future
Islamic militants, warlords and the booming drugs trade are among the greatest threats to stability. The authorities have limited power outside Kabul, and huge swathes of the country are controlled by warlords once funded by the US to fight the Taleban.
WANT TO KNOW MORE?
Have we missed anything out? Do you want to suggest a subject for a Quick Guide?
Send us an e-mail
Many of these powerful regional militia chiefs have a history of drug trafficking and human rights abuses.
The state of lawlessness is fuelled by the opium trade. Despite a ban on poppy crops, Afghanistan still produces about 90% of the world’s opium, which accounts for about a third of the country’s economy.
click on the maps-to make them larger/easier to read
Comment by olotliny — February 8, 2007 @ 11:59 pm
http://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/40650.html
Use above link for time and temperature in Baghdad.
http://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/40948.html
Temp. and time for Kabul, Afghanistan
Comment by olotliny — February 20, 2007 @ 1:07 pm
http://www.mnf-iraq.com/index.php?option=com_frontpage&Itemid=1
The above link will take you to the Official Web site of Multi-National Force- Iraq - Operation Iraqi Freedom.
Comment by olotliny — March 2, 2007 @ 8:46 pm
Baghdad, Iraq (5/27/07)
CURRENT CONDITIONS
106°F
(41°C)
Mostly Cloudy
Rel. Humidity: 11%
Wind: N at 8 mph (13 km/h)
Sunrise: 5:56 AM
Sunset: 8:04 PM
Barometric Pressure: “Hg (F)
5 DAY FORECAST
Sunday
112°F (44°C) | 81°F (27°C)
Monday
115°F (46°C) | 88°F (31°C)
Tuesday
109°F (43°C) | 86°F (30°C)
Wednesday
109°F (43°C) | 86°F (30°C)
Thursday
111°F (44°C) | 82°F (28°C)
A link on how to make cool ties:
http://seworganized.com/sewsimple/cooltie.html
Comment by olotliny — May 27, 2007 @ 7:32 am
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/guides/456900/456999/html/default.stm
(Above link will connect reader to BBC’s stats: “Life in Afghanistan” (The page has graphs-worth a read.)
Afghanistan continues to struggle as a state due to the many contending ethnic, religious and regional rivalries. Regional commanders, the illegal drugs trade and the continuing Taleban insurgency hamper the rule of law, development and aid efforts.
Millions of people have left their homes to flee conflicts and natural disasters in recent years. Since 2002, the UN-backed voluntary repatriation programme has helped more than 3,725,000 people return from abroad, mainly from Pakistan and Iran.
Thousands have been internally displaced, especially in the south as a result of the insurgency - which has intensified since 2006.
In 2006, more than 3,000 Afghans died in the violence, twice as many as in 2005 and more than in any other year since the 2001 fall of the Taleban, says Human Rights Watch.
Years of conflict and population movement make any census difficult.
Recent estimates suggest Pashtuns comprise nearly half the population. Tajiks form the second largest group, followed by Uzbeks and Hazaras.
About 99% of Afghans are Muslim - more than three-quarters of them Sunni.
(more from the BBC)
Quick guide: Afghanistan
Afghanistan is strategically placed between the Middle East, central Asia and the Indian subcontinent. For centuries, foreign armies have fought over it and tried to conquer it.
Many have been defeated by the rugged terrain - mountains cover four-fifths of the land - and fierce resistance from the different tribal groups.
WHAT IS A QUICK GUIDE?
Quick guides are concise explanations of topics or issues in the news.
More Quick Guides
Ethnic, religious and regional rivalries and the terrain have also made it hard for the authorities in the capital, Kabul, to rule the country.
Soviet invasion
The overthrow of Afghanistan’s King Zahir Shah in 1973 sparked a chain of events that led to decades of unrest. Reforms imposed by a Moscow-backed regime sparked rebellions and, in 1979, Soviet troops invaded Afghanistan.
Map of Afghanistan
US-backed Islamic fighters known as mujahideen - among them Osama Bin Laden - fought the Soviets and the country became a Cold War battleground.
In 1989, the USSR withdrew in defeat, leaving behind a devastated country and hundreds of thousands of dead Afghans.
Rise of the Taleban
After the Soviet forces left, a number of Afghan factions continued to fight for control of the country. In 1994, the hard-line Islamic Taleban emerged. By the late 1990s, they controlled most of Afghanistan with their strict version of Sharia law.
The Taleban angered the international community by letting Osama Bin Laden, and other al-Qaeda members, live there.
In 2001, after the 9/11 attacks on the US, the Taleban refused to hand him over, paving the way for a new war.
US-led war
In October 2001, the US and its allies launched a bombing campaign against the Taleban marking the beginning of America’s “war on terror”. Within weeks, US-led troops and local fighters forced the Taleban from Kabul and drove them from power.
But Taleban leader Mullah Omar and Osama Bin Laden evaded capture and are thought to have survived the offensive.
Several thousand US troops remain in Afghanistan hunting Taleban supporters who have regrouped since 2003.
Rebuilding the country
Years of fighting have left Afghanistan in ruins - it is one of the poorest countries in the world. International donors have pledged more than $10bn, but the government says it needs more.
In 2004 a constitution was signed and Hamid Karzai won the country’s first direct presidential elections.
In 2005 national assembly elections were held.
Uncertain future
Islamic militants, warlords and the booming drugs trade are among the greatest threats to stability. The authorities have limited power outside Kabul, and huge swathes of the country are controlled by warlords once funded by the US to fight the Taleban.
WANT TO KNOW MORE?
Have we missed anything out? Do you want to suggest a subject for a Quick Guide?
Send us an e-mail
Many of these powerful regional militia chiefs have a history of drug trafficking and human rights abuses.
The state of lawlessness is fuelled by the opium trade. Despite a ban on poppy crops, Afghanistan still produces about 90% of the world’s opium, which accounts for about a third of the country’s economy.
some other links:
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/af.html
http://www.afghan-web.com/ a quote from their home page: “Afghanistan: The Friendliest Country in the World, Possibly the Universe.”
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan
http://www.afghanistans.com/
Comment by olotliny — July 16, 2008 @ 10:42 pm